International Migration: A Very Short Introduction by Khalid Koser

Author:Khalid Koser
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
ISBN: 9780198753773
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Published: 2016-04-09T04:00:00+00:00

Irregular migration is a particularly emotive issue, and one that tends to polarize opinion. Those who are concerned about border control and national security are often opposed by those whose main concern is the human rights of the migrants concerned (Figure 7). Another challenge is therefore to encourage an objective debate on the causes and consequences of irregular migration and the ways in which it might be most effectively addressed.

Human trafficking and migrant smuggling

Human trafficking and migrant smuggling probably comprise a relatively small proportion of irregular migration worldwide, but they have attracted such attention recently that it is worth devoting the remainder of this chapter to these issues. Briefly four questions are answered. What are human trafficking and migrant smuggling? What is the scale? What are the costs involved? And what are the consequences for the migrants themselves?

Although the two concepts are often confused, even by policy-makers and academics, there is a legal distinction between human trafficking and migrant smuggling. The trafficking of human beings is defined by the UN Protocol to Prohibit, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons (1999) as:

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